The Journal of Universal Excellence is an interdisciplinary journal that combines (1) organizational sciences or management and (2) universal excellence, i.e. business, organizational, and personal excellence. Postmodern organisational theory recognises in Total Quality Management (TQM) a "new organisational theory" that focuses on the growth and development of the organisation as an "entity", its processes and stakeholder relationships. The embeddedness of the organisation in its wider ecosystem raises challenges for the study of the organisation that are multifaceted and interdisciplinary. RUO focuses on exploring the internal aspects of the organisation as an entity, which, in its goal-oriented relationships between people, are identified as relevant for responding appropriately to changes in the organisation's ecosystem. We are interested in the personal, interpersonal, organisational and inter-organisational relationships of both profit, non-profit and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). In doing so, we focus on the human being as an actor and observer in these relationships or processes. We recognise the key role of the human being in managing organisational growth and development. Human personal growth and development is transformed into interpersonal growth and development, which in turn is transformed into organisational growth and development. Talking about organisations is talking about people. The journey from quality to excellence is based on unlocking people's creative potential. The Journal covers topics on organizational studies and universal excellence. Its purpose is to research and develop the fundamental principles of excellency, in other words, the fundamental concepts of the new organizational paradigm using the EFQM model of business excellency: A Focus on Adding Value for Customers Achieving Balanced Results Leading with Vision, Inspiration & Integrity Managing by Processes. Succeeding Together with Employee Nurturing Creativity and Innovation. Building Partnerships Taking responsibility for a sustainable future Because the journal has the ambition to encourage new ideas and thoughts, its purpose also is to research and develop the basic principles or concepts of universal excellence using the Otočec rising strategy of universal excellence and mastery: Education, training, and lifelong learning Releasing human's creative potential Socially responsible sustainable activities Focus on self-transcedence and achievements Ethical reasoning and action
Fakulteta za organizacijske študije v Novem mestu
Ethical question of negotiations with the trade unions in the company Moje podjetje d.o.o.
Research Question (RQ): In a case study dealing with the relationships between business entities and their social environment, in keeping with ethical principles. We used a concrete example of the union negotiations with the company management Moje podjetje d.o.o.., as a typical example of managerial practice. Method: When writing the study we was to systematically review the achievements of eminent experts on the surveyed area. We also used the method of participant observation Results: As a result of the research present a solution for managements doubt, described the ethical contradictions that accompany selected managerial decisions and explain what are the possible alternatives chosen solution managerial doubt. Organization: Business entities are in their everyday operations often experience that ethically dubious decisions more quickly pursue their aims. In the longer term so doing does not work out. Society: Receiving ethically controversial decisions in enterprises and the passivity of the environment in which the entity operates faster and faster increases tolerance to such acts. Similar studies are helping to raise awareness of the company and encourage individuals to action that will in the future have an impact on reducing the occurrence of ethically questionable acts.. Originality: In the literature we did not find a similar case example. Our study can foster a critical appreciation of the achievements of the negotiations between trade unions and management companies. Limitations/Future Research: The study was limited to only one organization. In the future it would be good to do a similar study in other similar company and to compare the results obtained with our own.
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Implementation of 5S method in the production process
Research Question (RQ): The following research tries to show how the introduction of 5S methodology of work affects the production process itself, where the greatest changes are shown and how they are reflected in performance indicators. Purpose: The purpose of this project is to examine the existing methods and their application in practice as well as show the logic of actions we introduce in a particular process by using the 5S method. We will try to compare all the information using a practical example of company X. The results obtained are the basis for further improvements in an analyzed company. Method: We expect positive results in terms of certain improvements in the working environment within the company, as well as the opportunity for improvement in terms of increased efficiency and, consequently, more profit. Results: The results can represent the basis for achieving even better work in other processes in the studied company. It is very important to identify all the key activities that are important in generating profits while all the rest are eliminated from the process. Organization: The 5S model is applicable to all levels of the organization so it can be experienced by the highest levels of management in running a business. Society: The impact of the model will surely be seen by employees as they are offered a model after which they will work well, quickly, safely and without loss of time, which in today's world means competitive advantage. Originality: The research work represents an important contribution to the implementation of the 5S model in the company and to the positive things it brings. Limitations/Future Research: The survey as a case study was done in only one organization, in which they were implemented all phases of the method. In the direction of further research it is reasonable to make a quantitative analysis of the increase in profit, increase employee satisfaction analysis, to determine the reduction of the environmental impact, etc.
Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making – university as an example
Research Question (RQ): The establishment of the university (in a certain place, it can also be University of Novo mesto) is time-consuming and extremely important process. A lot of criteria that influence on the decision as to what form of organization would be rational and advantageous should be taken into account. The question on which it will be answered is: is it possible to use quantitative methods to identify meaningful organizational structure of the University and how do we do that? Purpose: The aim and objective of the research is to answer the above question and thereby give decision makers the possibility to use additional neutral informations. Method: In the research the method of multiple attribute decision making is used. With the combination of AHP method and algorithm VIKOR a solution to the problem is given, when the input data are crisp numbers. However, since the input data are often, especially in the case of the University mainly descriptive and ambiguous terms, we have to use the principles (theorems) of fuzzy logic. Synthesis of the both methods is the fuzzy multiple attribute decision making method and used in this research. Results: The results of the research show that scientific instruments that are used are meaningful and unambiguously answer the question. Of course, as with any quantitative method, it is necessary to take into account the robustness of the input data. Organization: The research results can have a direct impact on the decisions of the organization of a possible new university. Society: Impact of the research on society, social responsibility and the environment is direct, since with used algorithm these components are taken into account. Originality: The study is original in (at least) two aspects: a) it defines the introduction of fuzzy sets in one of the methods of operation research and thus enables great flexibility in the use of partially imprecision and only in words defined criteria / data and b) it applies an algorithm to the establishment of the University, which is new in the literature. Limitations/Future Research: Limitations and also (paradoxically) the benefits of the research are in the interpretation and application of the input data. Continued research should go in the direction of use sensitive analysis of the results and the gradual introduction of an integrated fuzzy approach, in the final phase also in the upgrade of the algorithm with neurofuzzy learning.
Roles of Municipal Councils in Poland and in the Czech Republic: Factors Shaping the Roles and the Dynamic of Change
Research Question (RQ): After many years of not being in vogue, the issue of representative democracy at the local level has yet again caught the scholars’ attention. The interest is related both to falling turnout in local elections, disappointment in party politics as well as to the impact of the new trends such as the strengthening of the executive power or citizens’ more direct involvement in the decision-making process. Quite often the afore-mentioned trends force local councils to redefine their roles. Purpose: The main objective of the article is to investigate the factors that shape the roles of municipal councils in two CEE countries, Poland and the Czech Republic, and to track the possible dynamic of their change. Method: The analysis conducted in the paper is grounded mainly in institutional theory. The study is based on available statistic data, examination of legal regulations, documents and information included in the corpus of selected articles and books. Results: The outcome of the analysis conducted indicates that in both countries the basic roles of councils – representative, decision-making and administrative one – are being diminished. Nevertheless, the existing institutional framework as well as reforms implemented in recent years provide potential for the development of new roles, such as the facilitator of the governing process or a network coordinator. Organization: The paper may contribute to better organisation of local administration at the municipal level. Society: The study has an impact on the understanding of representative democracy in local self-governments. Originality: The paper elaborates on representative democracy at the municipal level in Poland and the Czech Republic, countries where the discussion over this issue is still much less visible than in Western Europe. Limitations / further research: The paper should be mainly perceived as a kind of theoretical introduction to further empirical research into the changing roles of municipal councils in Central and Eastern European countries.
Primary School Teachers' Attitudes towards Inclusive Education in Slovenia: A Qualitative Exploration
Research Question (RQ): What are the attitudes of Slovenian primary school teachers towards the inclusion of children with special needs into regular school programs? Purpose: The purpose of the study was to encourage teachers to share and reflect on their personal experiences with inclusive education in Slovenia. This could help in the development of more successful models of practice. Method: This was a qualitative study. Focus interviews and individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Five categories emerged from the data. This article focuses on three of the categories and explores the robust division of teachers into two groups depending on their overall attitudes towards the inclusion and children with special needs. Organization: The findings of this study suggest that Slovenian education system is not fully transitioned into the inclusive model. Teacher training and practical support are often insufficient and inter-professional cooperation is not always satisfactorily established. Society: Inclusion of children with special needs reflects the quality of the whole school system and has implications for the functioning of the society. Originality: This study deepened the understanding of the phenomenon of inclusion and linked the findings with international studies on inclusion. Limitations / further research: Future research should explore the development and implementation of relevant teaching programs and courses as well as the development of better support networks within an inclusive model of education that should champion collaboration and cooperation.
Research Question (RQ): Effectiveness of managers differs in implementation of the process approach. Which competencies affect performance effectiveness of managers in the process approach? Purpose: The aim of the research is to specify a set of competencies which affect performance effectiveness of managers in the process approach. Method: The theoretical part examines the current state and terminology from the field of processes and competencies. The empirical part is based on a quantitative research. An online survey questionnaire was used for data collection. The survey was conducted among auditors of management systems worldwide. Results: The research indicates that there are significant differences between influences of different competencies on performance effectiveness of managers in the process approach. The studied competencies are presented in an array from the most to the least influential. Organization: The research directly affects the development of the HR function in organizations in practice. It enables an easier and more oriented personnel selection process and development of managers in the field of process performance. Society: The research enables easier orientation in competencies development that can improve the social order as well as social responsibility and the environment indirectly. Originality: The research originally offers a set of competencies that are relevant to process management. Limitations/Future Research: The research is restricted to the population of auditors. Future studies could examine the research question from a point of view of other professional groups.
Ageing in Place Driving Urban Transformations
Research question: This article provides an answer to the question: What kind of housing do the seniors in Slovenia prefer after a substantial decrease of their functional capacities, i.e. when they already need long-term care services? Purpose: During the study, the seniors participating in the study were still able to live in their current dwelling – in the home where they lived for years together with their family or alone; but because of a substantial decrease of their functional capacities they had become aware that it would be difficult to continue to stay there. We wanted to know where they would like to migrate or move to when needed, and what kind of housing should be provided on the housing market for these cohorts. Method: After our study of the relevant European and American literature we found that the construction of housing for seniors can be developed in different types of structures and that there is a substantial gap between the needs and the availabilities of housing arrangements in Slovenia, which also increases the rigidity of the Slovenian housing market and reduces land rent in comparison with USA and Western Europe. Seniors using long-term care services provided by municipalities in their own homes, living outside the main Slovenian central places, were included in the survey. To identify the preferred structure of the built environment for seniors we organised 3 groups of interviews with assisted living inhabitants from three Slovenian municipalities and evaluated the percentages of each desired type of housing and care. Results: The results show that more than half of Slovenian seniors do not have the possibility to move to retirement villages or other better adapted homes in assisted living housing units, where they could protect their dignity and independence better than in institutional care in nursing homes. Local administration and society: These findings refer to the local administration initiative to (a) built proper housing units for seniors with decreasing functional capacities themselves, or (b) to initiate investments in local areas that would, in turn, attract private investments in proper and affordable housing for seniors. Novelty: This study is the first of its kind in Slovenia while its results provide better insight into what matters most to Slovenian seniors regarding their housing arrangements. Further extension: The study could give different results in the case of metropolitan areas, e.g. for the case of Ljubljana.
Competencies assessment using fuzzy logic
Research Question (RQ): Competencies evaluation is complex. The question is how to evaluate a competency which was assessed with 360° feedback, in one result using fuzzy logic tools so the result represents an actual competency development in an individual. Purpose: The purpose and goal of the study is to determine a possible process of competency evaluation that would enable creating a single competency assessment using fuzzy logic methods. Method: The theoretical part examines the current state and terminology of competencies and fuzzy logic. The empirical part consists of a quantitative research study. Data from the survey questionnaire was used for model testing. Results: An example of an »Initiative« competency evaluation model is created and tested in the research study. Testing confirmed that evaluation using fuzzy logic is efficient. Organization: The study directly affects the development of the HR function in organizations. It enables an easier and more oriented competency evaluation. Society: The study enables easier orientation in competencies development that can improve the social order as well as social responsibility and the environment indirectly. Originality: The study presents a new competency evaluation model using fuzzy logic. Limitations/Future Research: The study is restricted to one competency and certain assessors. Further research could explore the model with several assessors of the same rank.
The impact of employee satisfaction on productivity in Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd.
RQ: Does employee satisfaction, impact on productivity? How are these two variables associated? What is the job satisfaction in Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. What needs to be done to make employees more satisfied at work and, consequently, more productive? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine what are the factors that influence employee satisfaction Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. and check the connection between work satisfaction and employee productivity. The aim of the research is to examine what is the level of job satisfaction of employees in Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. And find our reasons and factors that prevent employees were satisfied in the workplace. Method: In this study we used a descriptive method and the method of combining the study of domestic and foreign literature. Pending the results we have come to interview employees in the Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. Results: We conducted a survey among employees in Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd and we came to the conclusion that the employees are medium satisfied – the average grade point job satisfaction of employees was 3.1 (evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale). The worst assessed was factor in job satisfaction opportunity for advancement and educational opportunities. We have found out that factors like receiving praise and awards as well as good interpersonal relations are those that affect good on job satisfaction, on the other hand conflict is the one that reduces job satisfaction. The existence of links between work satisfaction and productivity were not found (r = -0.061). Organization: The organization and managers, it is important to know which are the factors by which employees are satisfied or dissatisfied. Results of the research will give managers a clear picture of the factors of satisfaction / dissatisfaction and opinion on productivity. Society: The employees it means a lot to have your job satisfaction and consequently they are more productive. Originality: The originality of the research will be to state that we have not confirmed the relationship between employee satisfaction in the workplace and productivity in the company Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. Limitations/Future Research: Research as a case study was made in the company Tiskarna Novo mesto, Ltd. More research should be done in similar enterprise, so we can draw parallels.
The influence of internal marketing on employee engagement
Research Question (RQ): To what extent the internal marketing dimensions influence employee engagement? Purpose: This study aims at investigating the relationship between internal marketing and employee engagement in the case of the Slovenian company. Method: Using empirical data based on a survey among employees in Slovenian company this paper utilized exploratory factor analysis and regression analysis to examine the effects of internal marketing dimensions on employee engagement. Results: The results showed that two dimensions positively and significantly influence the employee engagement, namely “empathy and attention in leadership” and “work quality and awards”. Organization: The results have significant managerial implications suggesting that organizations should put the focus on internal marketing in order to enhance employee engagement. The latter is considered as an important element in achieving business excellence. Society: It is argued that internal marketing affects the important entity of society, namely employees. In addition, it could be advocated that employee engagement ultimately improve employee wellbeing. Originality: Although prior studies have found the evidence that internal marketing positively influences employee engagement, this paper further elaborates the research phenomenon through the lenses of business excellence. Limitations/Future Research: One research opportunity is to examine the factors (i.e. antecedents) that drive or hinder the internal marketing. Furthermore, the relationship between internal marketing and employee engagement could be mediated by several factors. Future studies should search for possible mediators and moderators (e.g. job satisfaction) in this relation. Increase in sample size would also improve the generalizability of the findings.
The impact of bus drivers’ lifestyle on the occurrence of health problems and absenteeism
Research Question (RQ): Do bus drivers’ lifestyles affect the occurrence of health problems and absenteeism? Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine whether the lifestyle of professional bus drivers affects the occurrence of health problems and the phenomenon of absenteeism. Method: A quantitative research method was used in the research. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, on a sample of 230 professional bus drivers from different bus transport companies in Slovenia. Selected data were analyzed with chi-square test and multiple regression analysis. Results: We determined that there is a relationship between the state of health of professional bus drivers and participation in sport activity and that there is a statistically significant impact of lifestyle on the absenteeism of professional bus drivers. Organization: The study points to the necessity of management’s awareness to improve the conditions for the health status of employees and, consequently, absenteeism. Managers need to be more vigilant in ensuring conditions and social security that will allow employees a higher quality lifestyle. Society: The poor quality lifestyle of professional bus drivers, which includes different addictions, inadequate physical activity, and poor working conditions, is a significant factor causing absenteeism. All these factors influence the onset of negative consequences, such as the direct cost of compensation payments, costs of replacing the absent person, a reduction in productivity, which in turn affect economic growth and the high cost of health care. Originality: This is the first focus group study of professional bus drivers that targets lifestyle and its connection to absenteeism. Limitations/Future Research: The main limitation of the study is the number of respondents. The reason for this is that professional drivers are less responsive in the survey and that the study was conducted only in Slovenia, country of two million people.
The importance of intellectual capital in the company
Research Question (RQ): This article explores the importance of intellectual capital in the company. Purpose: To determine what is the importance of intellectual capital in businesses in the current economic climate. Method: As a research method I used descriptive method, and review of the literature in the form of articles and books. Below I summarize important observations and insights. Results: Intellectual capital has a significant and positive impact on the business performance of the company, but it is underestimated. Organization: The research contributes to a better achievement of business performance. Society: Better business contributes to the wider environment, as this will also ensure stability of the organization. Originality: A different perspective on the importance of intellectual capital. There are not a lot of transparent articles on this topic. Limitations/Future Research: Limitation of the study is that we have discussed only a certain number of resources.
Emergency units’ team leadership in case of increased workload
Research Question (RQ): Are there any statistically significant differences in the characteristics of the management in emergency activities in cases of increased scope of work depending on location institutions and by sex and age of the team members? Purpose: The purpose of the research was to find out what are the opinions from the members of the emergency team about managerial and communication skills of leaders of emergency teams in crisis situations, which in turn affect the relations within the team. Method: In the research was used non experimental method. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, on a sample of employed nurses in the emergency units in General Hospital Jesenice (SB Jesenice) (n = 41) and Novo mesto General Hospital (SB Novo mesto) (n = 42). The questionnaire was pre-tested. Selected data were analyzed by t-test. Results: The results of the research showed statistical differences in the context of the following claims: (no) "Head separates the other members of the individuality" (t = 1.118, p = 0.040). Respondents aged up to and including 35 years largely agree with the statement than respondents aged 36 years onwards; (Ii) "Head of us before taking a decision, always well presented« (t = -1.481, p = 0.030), where women are in the majority less agree with the statement; (Iii) "Head of the decision-making using different pressures (mobbing)" (t = -0.373, p = 0.018). Respondents from General hospital Jesenice largely deny this claim as respondents in the General hospital Novo mesto; (Iv) "Head of avoiding conflicts, because it is inconvenient" (t = 2.580, p = 0.013). In the claims (iii) and (iv) Representative of the women expressed greater agreement. Organization: The research results are given managers at all levels of the organization a clear picture of the view of the members of the emergency teams on the characteristics of management in case of increased workload. Society: An organizational culture and method of governance may encourage organizations on the basis of the characteristics of other organizations, bringing in its new environmental management approaches and so improve their relations. Originality: In the case of research the results relating to the two emergency center two Slovenian general hospitals. A similar survey within the emergency teams has not been completed. Limitations/Future Research: The main limitation of the research is in the number of respondents. The reason why is that the survey only took place in the emergency departments of two general hospitals in Slovenia. In Slovenia the final stages of opening regional emergency centers. Since this is a new and separate section of the hospital, in which working processes will be included under the new staff, we believe that it will be necessary to ensure the quality of organization and management team in the future, a similar study (longitudinal) carried out in all ten emergency centers.
The impact of quality department on organizing quality in organizations
Research Question (RQ): The existence of organizations in competitive markets depends on their ability to stay competitive. Quality departments play a key role in organizing and ensuring quality. Purpose: The survey tries to determine the correlation between the existence of quality departments and organization of quality in organizations; our hypothesis is that the correlation is very strong. Method: A survey was performed in 484 large and medium-sized organizations in Slovenia to examine the situation in this area. Pearson's χ2-test was used for data processing and results presented in a contingency table. Results: Organizations with quality departments more frequently also have certificate ISO 9001 in comparison with organizations without quality departments. Also these organizations more frequently have supplier-relations teams, monitoring system of suppliers' progress and excellence centers. In short, the quality in these organizations is organized on a higher level than in organizations without quality departments. Organization: The role of quality department is important for organizations. The findings of the research are important for decision making in organizations. Society: Each organization contributes to efficiency and effectiveness of a nation. The organizational level of the nation can be measured by number of certificates per capita. Originality: The research is unique because of the research model and method applied. Limitations/Future Research: The research is limited to large and medium-sized organizations in Slovenia.
Research Question (RQ): The importance of internal trainings in an organization. Purpose: The purpose of research is to examine and present internal trainings in an organization and their contribution to greater success of an organization. The paper studies employee training in a company, how the organization itself looks after its employees during training, how trainings contribute to further development of organization and the advancement of knowledge for successful operation of organization. Method: How to achieve the purpose of research, used methods and theoretical approach. Results: Specific examples and opinions of employees. Results show the importance of trainings for an organization. We can see that all employees are fairly motivated and ready to participate in trainings and can adapt to changing business environment very well. The results demonstrate that all trainings in the organization are very important and welcome. Only with continuous learning, the organization can be successful and survive in the market despite strong competition. Organization: Trainings are designed for all employees inside an organization. Different employees participate in trainings in a different way as all trainings are divided into certain work and fields that are important for each individual or department in an organization. Society: Trainings have an impact on the whole organization by contributing to its development. Originality: The originality of study is what was new in the research, what is the value and originality of research. Limitations/Future Research: Research was limited to a small number of sources.
Seksting and investigation of materials with child sexual abuse
Research Question (RQ): How widespread is the phenomenon of sexting among young people? Are young people sufficiently aware about this subject? Any difficulties encountered when investigating sexting? Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present problems in investigating sexting. Since using Internet child pornography expanded and changed the way the investigation of this crime, it is necessary to explore new ways of investigating and overcoming problems in the investigation of more attention. Method: The article is transparent and theoretical. It is based primarily on an analysis of available domestic and foreign literature and Internet sources on the issues addressed. Results: Showing sexting consequences of abuse, and also provides some preventive tips for safest use the Internet. In conclusion, the investigators also presented problems in the investigation of crimes related to sex abuse with minors. Society: The survey alert to be aware of the problem among young people. We emphasize the importance of raising awareness of young people and the importance of the application of possible abuse. Originality: The originality of the contribution is reflected in the examination of the current investigation sexting problems, faced by investigators on a daily basis. Only in this way it can eliminate problems and improve search. Limitations/Future Research: Using sexting appear high risk, but they are young without consulting the parents are not aware of. It is necessary to invest more effort into raising awareness of young people and create an environment that will encourage victims to report abuse.
Production management using the EFQM Excellence Model
Research Question (RQ): Comparison of production management using the EFQM Excellence Model. Purpose: The aim of the research is based on a comparison of production management using the EFQM Excellence Model, to establish identity and difference. The aim is to improve the management of production and by using the model closer to excellence. Method: An identification method of benchmarking. Results: The results show tolerance, which represent an opportunity to improve production management with excellence. Organization: If we take into account the results of the organization, this would be an asset to the organization. Society: Method comparisons can also be used in the wider environment. Originality: The survey is unique and the first of its kind in the manufacturing organization. Limitations/Future Research: With this research we will gain improvements in production management through design excellence.
Criteria for the selection of work equipment at the plant cabling
Research Question (RQ): In our case study, we show the organization of the project of installing new production plant with an emphasis on the release of human creative potential. Purpose: In the case study, we wanted to show what approaches a leader is available and what is important to optimize the climate within the project team in order to get the most out of each member of the project team Method: When writing articles we systematically reviewed the achievements of eminent experts on the surveyed area. We also used the method of participant observation. The author is head of the project team. Results: The result of the study is to set project organization with clearly defined values, vision, objectives and mission. Organization: Demonstrate the benefits which the organization received, the optimal exploitation of human potential. Society: Optimal implementation of projects beneficial effect on the development of society. Originality: In practice, it is a rare case that the members of the project team also later users and holders of regular production. We present the advantages of such an approach. Limitations/Future Research: The study was limited to only one organization. In the future it would be good to do a similar study in other similar company and to compare the results obtained with our own.
Research Question (RQ): What is the importance of education within the organization? Purpose: The purpose and objective of the research is to examine and present education within the organization and how to education affects on the performance and on the profits of the company. The objective of the task is to examine the education of employees for achieving business excellence and how the organization meets the needs and expectations of employees, and determine what is the process of acquiring and developing knowledge for the successful operation of the organization. Method: Quantitative - survey, qualitative – interview Results: The concrete examples or development organizations, opinion based on the profession. The results showed that the education within the organization is essential and that the future of companies largely depends on motivated and educated employees, who are able to quickly react and adapt to a changing business environment. Organization: Education is intended to all employees within the organization. Company: By education we want to influence on the entire organization, in terms of development. The originality: Research is original. Restrictions/further research: Limits of the study is that we deal with only a limited number of resources.
Motivation in the workplace and its influence on the effectiveness of work
Research Question (RQ): How can we motivate efficiency of the work, which is managed by the individual or the group? Different ways of motivating an individual in an organization? Purpose: The purpose of the research is to determine positive ways of motivation which would allow individuals in different organizations how to improve the efficiency of the work they perform. The aim of the research is the actual use of motivational tools in practice. Method: The article is transparent and theoretical. It is based primarily on an analysis of available domestic and foreign literature and Internet sources on the issues addressed. Results: In this study, it was found that the motivation and efficiency is directly related. Factors are also interdependent, which means that in the case of lack of motivation of employees in an organization there is significant reduced of efficiency. Motivational motives may be monetary (financial rewards) and non-monetary (progression) in nature. Society: The survey can point to the importance of motivation in the workplace. Originality: Originality of research is reflected in the examination of the importance of motivation in the workplace and their influence on these positive results and performance at work. Limitations/Future Research: A further education of managers and leaders in organizations, to realize that with the help of motivated collective we can achieve better excellence and results.
Through the integration to the regulated market of fresh vegetables in Slovenia
Research Question (RQ): Disconnectedness of Slovenian producers is reflected in a markedly disadvantageous position in purchasing and sales marketing. Therefore, we raised a research question about the possibilities for the creation of an optimal model for the integration of producers. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the readiness of stakeholders in the chain of vegetable production for mutual cooperation. The aim of the research is to find the optimal model of vegetable producers' integration and/with other stakeholders. Method: We have come to the results through different research tools. We have analyzed questionnaires with MS Excel and Statgraphyc plus 4.0, having errected an organization model for the integration of growers through a system analysis, comparative analysis and with multicriterion decision-making method DEXi. We have verified these results by applying a method of participatory research. Results: We found in this research that primarily larger agricultural holdings, which produce vegetables, wish to cooperate more intensively with each other. Using the research tools, we have determined the optimal form of mutual cooperation between producers. It is an economic cluster. However, gradual organizing via an producer organization, in particular due to the financial support of the EU, is reasonable. Organization: Competitive advantages acquired as the result of interconnection of growers will be felt on any agricultural holding. Society: By improving the conditions for the marketing of vegetables, self-sufficiency in vegetables will also grow, which will undoubtedly increase the autonomy of society and its independence from food imports from elsewhere. Originality: The study has made an innovative approach to the organization of the optimal model of the integration of vegetable growers. Limitations/Future Research: The study is limited to the vegetable sector, for the other sectors a new study should be carried out.
Triangulation of theories on the excellence of the McKinsey 7S business model
Research question / Hypothesis (RQ): The study was based on identifying key differences between individual authors, who used the McKinsey 7S model in their researches. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and highlight the conflicting conclusions, which we got on the basis of studying articles by various authors, whose studies were carried out with the McKinsey 7S model. Method: The methodology of our study was based on a triangulation of various authors, whose studies were carried out with the already mentioned business model. We also identified the methodology of studies from individual authors. Results: In our research, we got the expected different authors’ interpretations, concerning the applicability of the McKinsey 7S business model. Some authors note that the model lacks on important variables or that some of them need to be replaced, but then again, other say that the model is sufficient and not to be changed. Organization: The analysis shows that the effectiveness of the organization largely depends on the traditionally less involved employees, consumers and partners in the direct decision-making, which can only be influenced by »soft indicators«. Company: The inclusion of the model’s soft factors presents the key impact on the company, which relates to the social responsibility to all company’s stakeholders, as well as the inclusion of cornerstones, which would update the model in terms of electronic use, in order to show the responsibility towards the environment. Originality: We prepared the latest overview of the findings, based on the studied literature and resources in the field of the McKinsey 7S business model. The research of theories was substantiated with our own research on the influential factors of the model; we presented the McKinsey 7S model in an appropriate comprehensive manner, in a way that has not been dealt with up till now and which is an unsearched field in the world scientific literature. Limitations / further research: Limitations in this research present the differences between individual articles, due to the different purposes, methodologies and research questions of their research. Suggestions for further research are related in particular to the update of the relatively outdated model (1980).
Mathematical Model of Technology Transition as Systemic Innovation
Research Question (RQ): Technology transition (TT) is innovation macro process where new technologies replace the old ones. Dynamic of technology transition distinguishes raise, stagnation and fall of technology. Research question is how it is possible to describe technology transition qualitatively. Purpose: Research work is to develop a universal mathematical model that will describe various technology transitions by means of parameter change. Method: The phenomenon was analysed and exogenous and endogenous variables have been identified along with their causal relations, including mathematical logic and induction. The model was verified with specific data. Results: Verification on actual data has shown that developed mathematical model adequately describes three technology transition states: Raise, stagnation and fall of technology. Organisation: Model is of generic nature but is as well applicable for technology transfer in organisation, provided the adequate data are available in the organisations. Society: Model is of generic nature and enables the technology transition modeling. Originality: Research is original. We could not find any mathematical model that would describe technology transitions. Limitations/Future Research: Two sigmoid functions have been used for parameter identification for personal car technology transition and passenger air transport transition in Slovenia. Further research is possible in model verification with other sigmoid functions and data for other countries/regions.
Influence of Leadership Factors on the Work Engagement of Uniformed Police Officers
Research question (RQ): Are any statistically significant correlations between the factors in the management of the police and the degree of engagement between uniformed police officers. Purpose: The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine the influence of leadership factors on the work engagement of uniformed police officers in the analysed police stations, as well as to provide recommendations for improvement. Methodology: A quantitative survey was conducted among 932 uniformed police officers from all 22 police stations of the Police Directorate Ljubljana. Results: No positive correlation was found between elements of police station leadership and the level of work engagement of uniformed police officers. A positive correlation was identified between the level of work engagement of uniformed police officers and length of service. There was no positive correlation between leadership factors and the police officers’ posts. Organization: The findings will be of practical use to police station managers of Police Directorate Ljubljana in planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. They can also serve as a foundation for other researchers to conduct further research on the subject with the help of additional data. Originality: Based on the survey data, we identify and clarify the factors keeping on Police stations and factors engagement uniformed police officers at police stations. We have gained new knowledge that cannot be read in the domestic and foreign literature, with which we have contributed to the upgrading of existing knowledge. Limitation: The survey was carried out between uniformed police officers at police stations in the area of the Ljubljana Police Directorate, and the results from the study cannot be generalized to all Police stations in Slovenia.
Escalation Practices in Automotive Development
Research Question (RQ): In automotive business many risk-involved situations occur and when detected, an escalation process takes place. Although defined and controlled by process guidelines and being supported by experts, escalation brings increased emotional pressure and stress for parties involved. Do escalation processes in automotive industry maintain all implied challenges? Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present current status of escalation processes and gaps between theory and practice cases. Results of the analysis are recommendations of good engineering practice derived also from actual experiences and learned lessons. Method: The method involves analysis of practical cases from automotive development process, lessons learned, anonymous survey of automotive engineers and classification of experiences. Results: Results of the survey have shown that the controlled escalation process for know-how related escalations is needed in order to establish the environment where the team is able to provide new, sometimes unconventional ideas for the problem to be solved. Organization: Presented recommendations and measures enable organization and managers to put the expertise and experiences of employees into action for problem solving during escalation. Originality: In this article some practices are presented that, although simple and some yet seen, with proper adjustment stemming from real life processes give a fruitful settlement of escalations in automotive development business.
The Influence of Social Factors on Life Satisfaction in Old Age
Research question (RQ): What is the connection between social factors and life satisfaction in old age? Purpose: The purpose of this research was to establish the influence of social factors on life satisfaction in old age. Method: The quantitative research method was used, a causal non-experimental method. As sampling data technique we used the technique of a survey questionnaire in ten statistical regions. For the analysis of causal effects and conditional associations we used the advanced statistical propensity score methods (Rubin, 2006). From the statistical set a simple random sample was chosen, we decided on proportionate stratification. For measuring life satisfaction we used Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener), to which we added questions in order to study social factors. The research included 656 older adults aged 65 years and above, living in the home environment or in social care institutions. Results: Closely connected to life satisfaction in old age is the living conditions index (housing conditions, environment, financial situation, safety), whereas the lifestyle index (physical activity, nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption) is less closely connected. Discussion: Life satisfaction in old age is importantly influenced by social factors – suitable living conditions and less influenced by a healthy lifestyle, both of which allow for a quality life also in old age. Society: The research has an important influence on the society, as too little attention is being devoted to the phenomenon of ageing. By alerting the public we wish to contribute towards the detabuisation of ageing and ageism. For the stable healthcare system it is important that older adults remain healthy, independent and satisfied. Originality: The originality of the research is in the studying of social factor in the holistic model of satisfaction with life in the old age, which also includes physical, psychological and spiritual factors. Limitations/further research: The conducted research has its limitations in the chosen methodology and sample size. The results are the result of analysis, which was made on well-balanced study plan, therefore the results can be generalized to the population of older adults (65 years and above). In the future it will be necessary to pay attention to the study of elements of respective social factors indexes, and their influence on life satisfaction.
Knowledge Factors and Their Impact on the Organisation
Research Question (RQ): The research question is whether managers in organisations recognize the benefits of knowledge management. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the factors of knowledge which have a significant impact on the organisation. Method: We reviewed the relevant literature in the field of knowledge management. On this basis, we summarized the factors of knowledge. We performed a survey among the 69 biggest Slovenian commercial companies (public and banking sectors were excluded). Results: Research has shown that managers recognize the positive effects of knowledge. Factor analysis, with the discovery of latent variables, additionally confirmed already established facts from the research literature. This led us to the discovery that knowledge is the common denominator of all companies, regardless of the business in which they operate. Organisation: From the examined literature, we can conclude that knowledge management has a positive impact on the company's results. Identification of knowledge factors allows a more efficient use of company’s resources and enables further development of the organisation. Society: Knowledge has become a highly appreciated "resource", therefore it is necessary to be able to manage it. Knowledge is the foundation of progress, not only for the development of the company but for the entire civilization. Originality: We see the original contribution in the identification of dilemmas in building connections between knowledge management and the company's success. Limitations / further research: The research matter is extremely difficult because the evidence that knowledge is the most influencing matter of a company’s success can not be easily confirmed. The connection (we remain inside the topic of human capital) between knowledge and company's result is also manifested with other elements of the business, such as organisational culture, public relations, etc. Additional question is whether all employees in companies have the same opinion about knowledge management, namely most of the responses to our survey were received from people who are managers, directors, etc.
Title evidence-based practices in physiotherapy
Research Question (RQ): What is the knowledge and opinions of physiotherapists in using evidence based practice in their practice? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the current evidence on evidence based practice, knowledge, skills, behaviour, and barriers by physiotherapists which could be the basis for analysis of Slovenian physiotherapists’ opinions. Method: This paper is a theoretical and includes analysis and critical review of literature published from 2000 to 2015. Searches were conducted on Springer Link, Science Direct, Pubmed, Cinahl, Embase in PEDro databases. Studies were considered for inclusion if they met four inclusion criteria phases. Results: After selection process twelve studies were included for analysis. Our review shows many difficulties that professionals have about knowledge, skills, behaviour and barriers in the implementation of evidence based practice. Organization: Results of the systematic review provide useful information for comparison the opinion and believes of Slovenian physiotherapists about evidence based practice. Society: Systematic focused analysis and synthesis of studies could be helpful for building blocks elements for evidence based practice model for Slovenian physiotherapists. Originality: Opinions and believes of Slovenian physiotherapists are not known therefore analysis of opinion and believes form physiotherapists form other countries could useful in implementation effective evidence based practice in Slovenia. Limitations/Future Research: Limitations of this systematic review could be in methodological quality and in numbers of the selected studies. Our review shows many difficulties that professionals have about knowledge, skills, behaviour and barriers the implementation of evidence based practice. The original studies do not explain likely explanations for these limitations and do not suggest any interventions for improving these problems. It is clear that more information is needed for a better understanding about evidence based practice.
Unemployment and changes in health status and social status
Research Question (RQ): How the unemployed perceive and experience the effects of unemployment on their health. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine and present the impact of unemployment on health and physical, psychological and social sphere of life of the unemployed people. Method: Qualitative research design was applied. Stratified sample included six unemployed people, including three women and three men, aged 21 to 49 years. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and analysed using content analysis method. Results: The analysis yield four themes that define the impact of unemployment on the life of the unemployed: (1) the impact of unemployment on health, (2) the impact of unemployment on the quality of life, (3) a life before unemployment: differences in the assessment of social status and well-being, (4) social status of unemployed. Research findings suggest that unemployment has a significant impact on the life of the unemployed, so when considering the consequences of unemployment, it is of the most importance to consider the subjective perspective of experiencing unemployment. The latter does not only cause economic difficulties, but also effects the health of unemployed person, which otherwise between individuals vary, but in general psychological problems occur, which are perceived as stress, depression and anxiety. Unemployment is also characterizing the person’s social position, because it affects the possibility of providing the optimal quality of life and degree of social inclusion. Organization: Results of the research offer findings about the relationship between unemployment and health, which could contribute to the creation of appropriate policy measures to overcome/prevent health problems associated with the unemployment status. The findings would also aid other researchers, which could base on these findings, be able to perform further research about the research topic. Society: The research points out the importance of offering support to the unemployed in these difficult times for them. Originality: In Slovenia there is a lack of sufficient literature describing the impact of the unemployment on health. Limitations/Future Research: Opportunities for further research are reflected in using the mixed methods approach, within which it is necessary to increase the variability of the sample and its size.
The visibility of mediation in a large Slovenian company
Research Question (RQ): The fundamental research question of the study is the extent to which employees are familiar with the mediation. Purpose: The purpose of the research is to determine the awareness of employees with the content and the method of work in mediation and to identify the reasons for the introduction of the mediation in a corporate environment. Method: At the beginning, we examined the theoretical starting points in foreign and domestic literature. The employees have completed a questionnaire, followed by a quantitative analysis. Results: The collected data can be very helpful to the Managers, because they can see that employees accept mediation and the mediation approaches, which Managers can use at their work. Organization: This way of working is very useful for the organization because it brings less conflict, which results in better interpersonal relationships and also in a better business outcome, leading the company to excellence. Society: The mediation or the mediative way of communicating between an individual and a group has a positive impact on the whole company. Responsibility is transferred to the individual, which makes him/her feel more involved, consequently more responsible and interested for the greater sympathy towards people and the environment. Originality: The questionnaire shows the essential elements which are useful for the individual. This shows the way to a successful management. Such research has never been noted in Slovenia. Limitations/Future Research: Limitations of this study are primarily seen in the fact that it was made only in one big company. This is where we see opportunities for improvement, since the questionnaire makes it possible to do a lot for companies, which are different in size.