Mediatorska vloga čustvene organizacijske pripadnosti za zdravje zaposlenih
med stresom, zadovoljivim plačilom in optimizmom
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37886/ip.2022.009Ključne besede:
organizacijska zavezanost, zdravje na delovnem mestu, zadovoljivo plačilo, optimizem, stresni delovni pogoji, opolnomočenjePovzetek
Raziskovalno vprašanje: Kakšna je vloga organizacijske zavezanosti pri zdravju, zlasti v kontekstu drugih psihosocialnih dejavnikov, povezanih z delom (optimizem, opolnomočenje, stresni delovni pogoji, negotovost zaposlitve in zadovoljivo plačilo).
Namen: Cilj prispevka je preučiti vlogo organizacijske zavezanosti pri zdravju zaposlenih.
Metoda: Raziskava ISSP na podvzorcu 589 delavcev v Sloveniji je bila statistično analizirana z uporabo 1) bivariatnega Pearsonovega korelacijskega testa;2) hierarhične multivariatne linearne regresije za primerjavo dveh modelov, kjer je bilo za prikaz vloge organizacijske zavzetosti, zdravje napovedano s psihosocialnimi dejavniki, povezanimi z delom, v modelu z in v modelu brez organizacijske zavezanosti in 3) strukturno modeliranje za razumevanje medsebojnih odnosov med vsemi analiziranimi koncepti.
Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da vsi analizirani dejavniki prispevajo k zdravju, vendar ne vsi neposredno. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je zdravje neposredno povezano s stresnimi delovnimi pogoji, optimizmom in afektivno organizacijsko zavezanostjo. Za slednjega smo ugotovili, da ima pomembno mediatorsko vlogo med učinki stresnih delovnih razmer, zadovoljivega plačila in optimizma na zdravje.
Organizacija: Rezultati pomembno vplivajo na podrobnejši pregled dejavnikov, ki prispevajo k boljšim delovnim pogojem za bolj zdrave zaposlene. Ko so zaposleni zavzeti, ne le ostanejo v organizaciji, ampak so tudi bolj zdravi in posledično bolje delajo, kar prinaša koristi delodajalcem in zaposlenim. Za vodje je koristno, da imajo znanje o psihološkem opolnomočenju, zadovoljstvu pri delu in organizacijski predanosti, saj lahko te elemente uporabijo za motiviranje, razvoj in vodenje zaposlenih.
Družba: Ker je delovno aktivno prebivalstvo tisto, ki predstavlja glavno aktivno populacijo v družbi, je pomembno ustvariti delovne pogoje za bolj zdravo delovno silo. Razumevanje vloge organizacijske predanosti in drugih z delom povezanih psihosocialnih dejavnikov za zdravje bi lahko koristilo ne le organizacijam in zaposlenim, temveč tudi drugim članom družbe, ki se zanašajo na delovno populacijo.
Izvirnost: Študija statistično preučuje konceptualni raziskovalni model, pri čemer se ne ustavi na bivariatnih korelacijah ali modelu z eno odvisno spremenljivko, kot je bilo ugotovljeno v številnih drugih študijah, temveč raziskuje notranje korelacije med dejavniki in tako omogoča podrobnejši vpogled v odnose med organizacijska predanost, zdravje zaposlenih in psihosocialni dejavniki, povezani z delom (optimizem, opolnomočenje, stresni delovni pogoji, negotovost zaposlitve in zadovoljivo plačilo). Z našimi ugotovitvami prispevamo k razpravi o konstruktivnem in v prihodnost usmerjenem pristopu k zagotavljanju delovnih pogojev, ki bi vodili do predane in bolj zdrave delovne sile. Predlagamo, da snovalci politik in menedžerji ter kadroviki v organizacijah ustvarijo delovne pogoje, ki so osredotočeni na izboljšanje zdravja. Pri tem bi morala biti čustvena organizacijska predanost ena glavnih prednostnih nalog.
Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskave: Študija je bila presečna. Naš vzorec je bil omejen na zaposlene v Sloveniji. Naša študija je bila omejena z obsegom razpoložljivih sekundarnih podatkov; dejavniki zdravja so bili izbrani v skladu s teorijo in razpoložljivimi indikatorji v obstoječi raziskavi ISSP; omejeni na glavne dejavnike: zdravje, organizacijsko predanost in psihosocialne dejavnike, povezane z delom (optimizem, opolnomočenje, stresni delovni pogoji, negotovost zaposlitve in zadovoljivo plačilo). Prihodnje raziskave bi se lahko osredotočile tudi na druge dejavnike, povezane z zdravjem (kot so genetika, določen življenjski slog, okolje in dovzetnost za bolezni), vključile bi lahko longitudinalni pristop in primerjale različne geografske kontekste.
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