Dimenzije kakovosti zdravstvene obravnave otrok/mladostnikov s posebnimi potrebami
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37886/ip.2023.005Ključne besede:
Ključne besede: posebne potrebe, oviranost, otroci in mladostniki, zdravstvena obravnava, kakovost, zadovoljstvo, starši, na pacienta osredotočena zdravstvena obravnavaPovzetek
Raziskovalno vprašanje (RV): Velik delež svetovne populacije ima neko vrsto oviranosti. Zaposleni v zdravstvu morajo pri obravnavi pacienta upoštevati vse dejavnike, ki na pacienta in njegove bližnje vplivajo, prav tako pa morajo delovati skladno s posameznikovimi individualnimi potrebami.
Namen: Namen raziskave je opredeliti dimenzije zadovoljstva s kakovostjo zdravstvene obravnave na podlagi ugotovitev različnih avtorjev in hkrati definirati dejavnike, ki vplivajo na to, v kolikšni meri so starši otrok in mladostnikov s posebnimi potrebami oz. oviranostmi zadovoljni s kakovostjo zdravstvene obravnave njihovih otrok in mladostnikov.
Metoda: Raziskava temelji na sistematičnem pregledu obstoječe literature. Iskanje strokovnih in znanstvenih člankov odprtega tipa je potekalo v iskalnih bazah Springerlink, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed in Scopus. Časovni okvir iskanja so bile objave v obdobju med leti 2012 in 2023 z izjemo za področje relevantne literature. Iskalni niz je ponudil 106 takšnih člankov. V nadaljnjo obravnavo smo vključili le članke, v katerih različni avtorji prikazujejo dejavnike, ki pozitivno oziroma negativno vplivajo na zadovoljstvo staršev z zdravstveno obravnavo njihovega otroka in mladostnika s posebnimi potrebami. Kriterijem je ustrezalo 57 člankov. Rezultati glavnih ugotovitev so prikazani v tabelah.
Rezultati: Zaznani dejavniki, ki pozitivno vplivajo na zadovoljstvo staršev, so komunikacija in sodelovanje med vpletenimi stranmi, dejavnosti za zmanjševanje stresa, znanje in veščine zdravstvenih delavcev, uporaba sodobnih tehnologij, merjenje zadovoljstva uporabnikov zdravstvenih storitev, pristopi k zdravstveni oskrbi in na pacienta osredotočena oskrba. Med zaznanimi negativnimi dejavniki so pomanjkljivosti v procesu zdravstvenega varstva, pomanjkanje komunikacije in sodelovanja med zdravstvenimi delavci in starši, pomanjkanje osredotočenosti na pacienta, nezadostna kakovost zdravstvenih storitev, odsotnost merjenja zadovoljstva uporabnikov in pomanjkanje znanja zdravstvenih delavcev.
Organizacija: Podane ugotovitve so lahko v pomoč vodstvu zdravstvenih ustanov pri iskanju rešitev za izboljšanje zadovoljstva staršev otrok in mladostnikov s posebnimi potrebami.
Družba: Članek predstavlja doprinos k razumevanju pomembnosti spremljanja zadovoljstva staršev otrok in mladostnikov s posebnimi potrebami, ki so uporabniki zdravstvenih storitev. Rezultati naše raziskave prikazujejo pozitivne vplive tako na otroke in mladostnike, na njihove starše kot tudi na zdravstvene delavce, ki sodelujejo v procesu obravnave. Prikazani negativni vplivi pa dajejo idejo za razmislek, kako naprej, da bo delo še bolj kakovostno opravljeno. Podane ugotovitve so lahko v pomoč vodstvu zdravstvenih ustanov pri iskanju rešitev za izboljšanje zadovoljstva staršev otrok in mladostnikov s posebnimi potrebami.
Originalnost: Gre za prvo tovrstno raziskavo v Sloveniji.
Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskovanje: Raziskava je omejena na pregled obstoječe literature v elektronskih podatkovnih bazah. Rezultati raziskave podajajo idejo in osnovo za nadaljnje raziskovanje, kjer bi lahko v naši raziskavi dobljene rezultate implementirali na zdravstveno ustanovo in tam izvedli raziskavo o zadovoljstvu z zdravstveno obravnavo te populacije.
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