Deležniki in njihov vpliv na izvajalca javne službe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37886/ruo.2025.021Ključne besede:
zbiranje odpadkov, deležniki, vpliv, spodbujanje, zaviranje, javna službaPovzetek
Raziskovalno vprašanje (RV): Kateri so ključni deležniki izvajalca javne službe zbiranja komunalnih odpadkov in kateri od njih delujejo spodbujevalno oziroma zaviralno nanj?
Namen: Želimo določiti ključne deležnike izvajalca javne službe zbiranja komunalnih odpadkov ter določiti njihovo vlogo pri oblikovanju strategije za doseganje predpisanih ciljev.
Metoda: Raziskava temelji na sistematičnem pregledu obstoječe literature. Iskanje člankov je bilo izvedeno v bazah, kot so Cobiss+, Springer Link, Scopus, ScienceDirect in Google Scholar. Upoštevani članki so zajeti iz obdobja med letoma 2015 in 2025, s prostim dostopom ter pisani v slovenščini ali angleščini.
Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da na izvajalca javne službe vpliva 13 ključnih deležnikov: gospodinjstva, menedžment IJSZKO, država, lokalna samouprava, nevladne organizacije, prevozniki odpadki, deponija, kompostarne, lokalne organizacije, industrija, izobraževalni sistem in energetski sektor. Ti so v deležniško razmerje vezani na način, kot porabniki storitev izvajalca javne službe zbiranja komunalnih odpadkov, kot lastniki same službe, kot regulatorji oziroma kot dobavitelji ali prevzemniki odpadkov. Vsak od njih lahko na izvajalca javne službe zbiranja komunalnih odpadkov vpliva tako spodbujevalno, kot tudi zaviralno.
Organizacija: Raziskava organizaciji ponudi vpogled v ključne deležnike in njihov vpliv ter tako omogoča predhodno planiranje aktivnosti za optimalno izvedbo in uresničevanje ciljev. Strategija zajema cilje predpisane s strani zakonodajalcev (državnih in lokalnih) in ti imajo predpisan termin, do katerega morajo te cilje doseči.
Družba: Članek omogoča predstaviti širši javnosti položaj izvajalca javne službe zbiranja komunalnih odpadkov med njegovimi deležniki in na kakšen način le ti vplivajo na oblikovanje delovnih nalog izvajalca, katerega glavni namen je omogočati osnovne pogoje bivanja na nekem območju.
Originalnost: V Sloveniji v času pisanja tega članka ni mogoče zaslediti tovrstne raziskave in znanje pridobljeno s tem nam omogoča razumevanje poslovnega in organizacijskega okolja IJSZKO s katerim se srečujemo vsak dan.
Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskovanje: Ključna omejitev je omejena literatura s tega področja. Ta je predvsem v elektronski obliki v bazah podatkov. Slovenske literature skoraj ni zaslediti. Težavo predstavlja tudi dejstvo, da veliko literature ne sovpada z zadanim časovnim okvirjem in je tako na nek način že zastarela. Področje je zaradi svoje pomembnosti in slabe raziskanosti bilo potrebno podrobneje raziskati.
Literatura
Alwaeli, M. (2015). An overview of municipal solid waste mangement in Poland. The current situation, problems and challenges, Environment protection engineering, 41(15), 182-193, https://doi:10.5277/epe150414
Bergant, Ž. (2023).Opredelitev deležnikov in družbena odgovornost podjetij. Poslovodno računovodstvo, 2/3(16), 58-69.
Blagoeva, N., Georgieva, V., Dimova D. (2023). Relationship between GDP and Municipal Waste. Regional Disparities and Implication for Waste Management Policies, 15(23), 1-23, https://doi:10.3390/su152115193
Bolivar, V., Poganietz, Frőhling, M. (2025). Advancing circularity in a Chilean neighborhood through the water-waste-energy nexus: A stakeholder analysis. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 212(25), 1-14. https://doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107986
Corporate finance institute. (b.d.). Stakeholder. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/accounting/stakeholder/
Costa, A., Mancini, S., Paes, M., Ugaya, C., Medeiros, G., de Souza, R. (2022). Social evaluation of municipal solid easte mangement systems from alife cycle perspective: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 5(22), 719-739, https://doi:10.1007/s11367-022-02057-6
Di Foggia, G., Beccarello, M. (2023). Designing circular economy-compliant municipal solid waste management charging schemes. Utilities Policy, 81(23). 1-9, https://doi:10.1016/j.jup.2023.101506
Fidje, E., Haddara, M., Langseth, M. (2023). Sustainable smart waste management adoption challenges in developing countries. Procedia Computer Science, 219(23), 905-914. https://doi:10.1016/j.procs.2023.01.366
Filimonova, N., Birchall, S., (2024). Sustainable municipal solid waste management: A comparative analysis of enablers and barriers to advance governance in the Arctic. Journal of Environmental Management, 371(24),1-11. https://doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123111
Fiorillo F., Merkaj E., (2024). Municipal strategies, fiscal incentives and co-production in urban waste management. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 92(24), 1-16. https://doi:10.1016/j.seps.2024.101817
Freeman, R.,E., (1984). A steakholder aproach, Cambridge
Ginige, K., Amaratunga, D., Haigh, R., (2018). Mapping stakeholders associated with societal challenges: A Methodological Framework. Procedia Engineering, 212(18), 1195-1202. https://doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2018.01.154
Khatiwada, D., Golzar, F., Mainali B., Devendran, A., (2021). Circularity in the Management of Municipal Solid Waste - A Systematic Review. Environmental and Climate Technologies, 25(21), 491-507. https://doi: 10.2478/rtuect-2021-0036
Kotsiuba, I., Herasymchuk, O., Shamrai, V., Lukianova, V., Anpilova, Y., Rybak, O., Lefter, I., (2023). A Strategic Analysis of the Prerequisites for the Implementation of Waste Management at the Regional Level. Ecological Engineering and Environmental Technology.1(23), 55-66, https://doi:0.12912/27197050/154918
Lazo, D., Gasparatos, A., (2019). Sustainability transitions in the municipal solid waste management systems of bolivian cities: Evidence from La Paz and Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Sustainability, 11(19), 1-34. https://doi:10.3390/su11174582
Lerebours, A., Scott, R., Sansom, K., Kayaga, S., (2022). Barriers and Enablers to the Regulation of Sanitation Services: A Framework for Emptying and Transport Services in Sub-Saharan African Cities. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10(22), 1-15. https://doi:0.3389/fenvs.2022.869403
Liu, Z., Schraven, D., de Jong, M., Hertogh, M., (2023). Unlocking system transitions for municipal solid waste infrastructure: A model for mapping interdependencies in a local . Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 198(23), 1-13. https://doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107180
Menon, V., Palackal, A., (2021). Sustainability Contested: Analysis of Stakeholders Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Management - A Case Study. Current World Environment, 3(21), 974-988. https://doi:10.12944/cwe.16.3.27
Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor, https://ijsvo.si/izvajalci.aspx, 2025
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA group. (2009). Preferred reporting Items for systematic rviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Neri, A., Rizzuni, A., Garrone, P., Cagno, E., (2024). Influence of policymakers and civil society stakeholders on sewage sludge management strategies: Empirical results from European utilities. Journal of Environmental Management, 364(24), 1-18. https://doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121396
Onungwe, I., Hunt, D., Jefferson, I., (2023). Transition and Implementation of Circular Economy in Municipal Solid Waste Management System in Nigeria: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Sustainability, 15(23), 1-26 https://doi:10.3390/su151612602
Phong, N., Nguyen, TZhu, D., , (2018). Understanding the stakeholders' involvement in utilizing municipal solid waste in agriculture through composting: A case study of Hanoi, Vietnam. Sustainability, 7(18), 1-33. https://doi:10.3390/su10072314
Raman, R., Lathabai, H., Nedungadi, P., , (2024), Sustainable development goal 12 and its synergies with other SDGs: identification of key research contributions and policy insights, Discover Sustainability, 1(24), 1-26, DOI: 10.1007/s43621-024-00289-0
Salvia, G., Zimmermann, N., Willan, C.,Hale, J., Gitau, H., Muindi, K., Gichana, E., Davies, M., (2021), The wicked problem of waste management: An attention-based analysis of stakeholder behaviours, Journal of Cleaner Production, 326(21), 1-18, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129200
Souza, S., Lima Cano, N., Iacovidou, E., Rutkowski, E., (2022). Typology of municipal solid waste recycling value chains: A global perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 336(22), 1-14. https://doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130386
Suárez-Cebador, M., Rubio-Romero ,J., López-Toro, A., Arjona-Jiménez, R., (2017). Stakeholder Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Companies- a First Step Towards Successful
Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2(17), 40-53.
Teras, J., (2024). Waste management in the high north. Nordregio Policy Brief, str.8, https://doi:10.6027/PB2024:7.2001-3876
Wang, W., Chu, Z., Zhang, T., (2022). Synergy Degree Evaluation of Stakeholder Engagement in Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case Study in Harbin, China.Energies15(22), 1-18, https://doi:10.3390/en15145000
Yukalang, N., Clarke, B., Ross, K., (2017).Barriers to effective municipal solid waste management in a rapidly urbanizing area in Thailand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(17), 1-23 https://doi:10.3390/ijerph14091013
Zakon o gospodarskih javnih službah, Uradni list RS št. 32/93, 30/98, https://pisrs.si/pregledPredpisa?id=ZAKO272
Zhang, Z., Chen, Z., Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Chen, L., Yang, M., Osman, A., Farghali, M., Liu, E., Hassan, D., Ihara, I., Lu, K., Rooney, D., Yap, P., (2024). Municipal solid waste management challenges in developing regions: A comprehensive review and future perspectives for Asia and Africa. Science of the Total Environment, 930 (24), 1-17. https://doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172794
